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Miniature American Eskimo — BetterBred Breed Page – BetterBred.com
BetterBred Breed Profile

Miniature American Eskimo

Temperament: A friendly, trainable, sporty dog in a compact size, these all white spitz-type dogs prefer to be with their people.
Height: 9-12 inches (Toy), 12-15 inches (Miniature), 15-19 inches (Standard)
Weight: 6-10 pounds (Toy), 10-20 pounds (Miniature), 25-35 pounds (Standard)
Life Span: 13-15 years
Outlier Index ?
0.42
Born before 2016: 0.44 Born after 2024: —
Avg Genetic Rel. ?
-0.02
Born before 2016: -0.03 Born after 2024: —
Internal Relatedness ?
0.00
Born before 2016: 0.01 Born after 2024: —
Miniature American Eskimo
#NameGender OIAGRIR
1 Sasha mini Pearl F 0.91 -0.21 -0.04
2 Stardust on the Blossom Trail CGC F 0.39 -0.06 0.25
3 Amar's Dan's Darling Caprice F 0.36 -0.03 0.16
4 Amars CB F 0.45 -0.03 -0.08
5 Amar's Minxys Petuna F 0.30 0.03 -0.04
6 Miracle Misty Mornin Stranger M 0.39 -0.03 0.09
7 Klondyke's Ride of the Valkyries For Las Rosas F 0.47 -0.04 -0.13
8 Wintersun's Rockstar At Trinity M 0.29 0.01 0.17
9 Trinity Irresistable Reflections F 0.41 0.01 0.01
10 Trinity's Amazing Grace F 0.49 -0.05 -0.09
Originally these little dogs came to the US with German immigrants, but their pretty white coats were less desirable on farms and they soon became sought after additions to travelling shows and circuses.
View Official Breed Standard →
An OFA survey showed that cancer and eye disorders are the most commonly reported health issue. There is also a rising concern about diabetes in the breed. For more detailed information see below: https://aedca.org/public/WhattheOFAHealthSurveyMeans_Updated_2019.pdf

Average metrics by birth year for dogs with recorded birthdates in the BetterBred database.

A 3D genetic map of enrolled Miniature American Eskimo dogs in the BetterBred database, based on allele-sharing distance across 33 STR loci. This is not a complete picture of the breed — it reflects only dogs whose owners have enrolled them. Drag to rotate · scroll to zoom · hover for dog names (public profiles only).

Historical founders — oldest 25% of enrolled dogs     Current gene pool — most recent 50% of enrolled dogs
Building plot… this may take a minute for larger breeds.

The Dog Leukocyte Antigen (DLA) region controls immune function and is the most polymorphic portion of the canine genome. Every dog carries two sets of DLA haplotypes — one from each parent — which almost never recombine across generations. Frequency percentages reflect how often each haplotype appears across all allele copies in the breed, not the percentage of dogs carrying it.

Class I Haplotypes

HaplotypeFrequency
1014
28.7%
1054
24.5%
1002
12.8%
1153
9.6%
1093
6.4%
1215
6.4%
1016
4.3%
1012
3.2%
1030
2.1%
1011
1.1%
1268
1.1%

Class II Haplotypes

HaplotypeFrequency
2037
25.5%
2022
24.5%
2001
12.8%
2053
10.6%
2032
6.4%
2080
6.4%
2014
3.2%
2003
3.2%
2050
3.2%
2023
2.1%
2084
1.1%
2096
1.1%

Class I & II Combinations

Class IClass IIFrequency
1014 2037
25.5%
1054 2022
24.5%
1002 2001
13.3%
1153 2053
9.2%
1215 2080
7.1%
1093 2032
6.1%
1012 2003
3.1%
1014 2050
3.1%
1016 2014
3.1%
1030 2023
2.0%
1011 2096
1.0%
1016 2084
1.0%
1268 2053
1.0%

The Canine Diversity Test from UC Davis Veterinary Genetics Laboratory is the foundation of BetterBred’s breed management tools. Testing your dog adds to the breed database and gives you access to the full suite of breeding analysis tools.

Order from UC Davis VGL →
OI
Outlier Index

The Outlier Index (OI) measures how unusual a dog’s allele combination is relative to the tested population of its breed. A higher OI means the dog carries alleles at lower frequencies across the breed — genetic variants that are underrepresented in the population as a whole.

Dogs with high OI are genetically valuable because they carry diversity that most other tested dogs don’t share. Breeding them thoughtfully into the broader population helps redistribute lower-frequency alleles rather than allowing them to become even rarer over generations.

The breed average shown here reflects all dogs tested in the BetterBred database. The senior and youngster comparisons show whether diversity is trending up or down in recent generations.
AGR
Average Genetic Relatedness

Average Genetic Relatedness (AGR) measures how similar a dog’s DNA is, on average, to every other tested dog in the breed. It reflects the dog’s mean kinship — how closely related it is to the population as a whole.

A lower AGR means the dog is more genetically distinct from the majority of the breed. Dogs with low AGR carry alleles at lower frequencies across the tested population, making them higher-priority candidates for inclusion in a well-managed breeding program.

AGR is conceptually related to mean kinship used in conservation genetics for managed species populations. A declining AGR average in younger dogs suggests the breed is successfully redistributing genetic diversity across generations.
IR
Internal Relatedness

Internal Relatedness (IR) measures how much identical genetic material an individual dog inherited from both parents. IR is a useful indicator of inbreeding: lower IR generally reflects lower inbreeding, and it is widely used and reported in the scientific literature.

A high IR is not the cause for alarm it might appear. Elevated IR can often be resolved in a single generation by pairing with a dog whose ancestry is less represented in the breed. It is a signpost, not a sentence.

BetterBred reports IR for reference, but it is not our primary breeding guidance tool. OI and AGR together give a more complete and actionable picture of a dog’s genetic value to the population.

AGR tells you which dogs are genetically unusual relative to the population. OI tells you which dogs are most valuable to preserve. OI specifically weights mid-frequency alleles, identifying dogs whose ancestry is underrepresented in a way most likely to benefit the breed.