Giant Schnauzer
Temperament: The temperament of the Giant Schnauzer should be sound and reliable, and according to the AKC breed standard, should combine "spirit and alertness with intelligence and reliability" and be "composed, watchful, courageous, easily trained, deeply loyal to family, playful, amiable in repose, and a commanding figure when aroused."
Height: 60 to 70 cm/ 23 to 28 in
Weight: 35 to 47 kg./ 75 to 105 lbs
Life Span: 12-15 years
Breed Average Outlier Index: 0.26
OI Average for dogs over 10: 0.27
OI Average for dogs under 2: 0.26
Breed Average Genetic Relatedness: 0.00
AGR Average for dogs over 10: -0.01
AGR Average for dogs under 2: 0.00
Breed Average Internal Relatedness: 0.04
IR Average for dogs over 10: 0.05
IR Average for dogs under 2: 0.04
Last 10 Recently Added Public Dogs!
| No. | Name | Gender | Outlier Index | Average Genetic Relatedness | Internal Relatedness | 1 | CH Zarina's Design American Idol | M | 0.17 | 0.03 | 0.25 | 2 | Firezone's Take The Risk | F | 0.33 | -0.03 | 0.03 | 3 | Hearthmore's Honky Tonk Woman | F | 0.16 | 0.07 | -0.03 | 4 | Hearthmore's Kestrel | F | 0.13 | 0.10 | 0.00 | 5 | Spicerack's Every Mile A Memory With Black Magic | F | 0.19 | 0.03 | 0.16 | 6 | Firezone's Take Me To The Moon and Back | F | 0.21 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 7 | Celestial Exquisite Effervescence | F | 0.48 | -0.19 | 0.09 | 8 | Braveheart's Close to My Heart | M | 0.26 | 0.01 | -0.07 | 9 | Firezone's Setting The Stage On FIre | F | 0.27 | 0.00 | 0.14 | 10 | Carolina's Here We Go Again | F | 0.23 | 0.00 | 0.04 |
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The first breed standard for the Schnauzer was written in 1907 and the first Giant Schnauzer, "Roland Rolandsheim", was exhibited at an official show in Munich in 1909. The exact makeup of the breed today is still unknown but it is speculated that Standard Schnauzer, an extinct dog called the Oberlander, various farm dogs, and possibly Bouvier de Flanders are all possible ancestors. It wasn't until about 1914 that the modern Giant Schnauzer was developed by a man named C. Calaminus who never revealed the breeds he used. We do know that he used the black Oberlander dogs, and possibly some Great Dane, but there is no actual evidence. Some early notable giants with photographic evidence are Bazi v Wetterstein and Felz v Kinzigtal. In 1923 the PSK (Pinscher Schnauzer Klub) in Germany, the breed's country of origin, published the first standard for the Giant Schnauzer. It said “The Giant Schnauzer will be the best possible, considerably enlarged and strengthened copy of the Standard Schnauzer.” The height was fixed at 21.5 to 25.5 inches. Mental characteristics, along with size and structure were described as such: “All these allow the Giant Schnauzer to perform the hard and strenuous life of a working dog.” From 1923 to around 1938 the Giant thrived, and in 1927, the PSK had the first "Bundesliestungsiegerprufung" (national championship, working trials.) This national competition was annual until 1938 and cancelled in 1939. World War II then wiped out many Giant Schnauzers, but the Germans started again in 1945 to rebuild the breed with dogs remaining from around the world. This was also complicated by the Berlin Wall which separated East and West Germany and therefore the breeding pool as well between 1961 to 1989. After the unification of Germany, the bloodlines were crossed and our modern day gene pool consists of everything that survived these historical events.
The community of owners of Giant Schnauzers reports concern for the following illnesses: squamous celll carcinoma, toe cancer, and melanoma, autoimmune diseases including thyroiditis, epilepsy, cadiac diseases SAS and dialated cardiomyelopathy, lyphomas, hip dyplasia, eye disorders (cataracts and PRA), AIHA, IMTP, SLO, and cobalamin malabsorption.
Giant Schnauzer breeders have clearly made an effort to keep inbreeding low in a small gene pool. Dr. Pedersen's report says "“IR scores ranged from a low of -0.181 (parents least related) to a high of 0.486 (parents most related), with a mean (average) value of 0.047. Therefore, one fourth of the population had IR scores from -0.041 to -0.181, and one fourth +0.139 to 0.486. …… IR values show that there are three populations among the 133 Giant Schnauzers, one quarter containing individuals from very unrelated parents, one half with parents of average relatedness, and one fourth with parents that are quite related.”
There is clearly a genetic split in the breed between black Giant Schnauzers and Pepper Salt Giant Schnauzers. Each of these populations are more related among themselves than with each other. The Average Genetic Relatedness (AGR), which is the genetic equivalent of the pedigree based calculation "mean kinship," show that overall relatedness is close. This means breeders must make a specific effort to breed to the least related quality dogs they can find, in addition to prioritizing genetic outliers, in order to maximize retention of existing diversity in the breed.
Giant Schnauzer breeders have clearly made an effort to keep inbreeding low in a small gene pool. Dr. Pedersen's report says "“IR scores ranged from a low of -0.181 (parents least related) to a high of 0.486 (parents most related), with a mean (average) value of 0.047. Therefore, one fourth of the population had IR scores from -0.041 to -0.181, and one fourth +0.139 to 0.486. …… IR values show that there are three populations among the 133 Giant Schnauzers, one quarter containing individuals from very unrelated parents, one half with parents of average relatedness, and one fourth with parents that are quite related.”
The Giant Schnauzer has retained a broad range of diversity in the DLA haplotypes, which means they have kept much of the early diversity of the founders of the breed. The initial study of 146 dogs revealed 14 Class I individial DLA haplotypes and 15 individual Class II haplotypes. This is promising for the future of the breed, since some breeds have very few left. It is possible to retain that diversity and this may indicate that there is more overall diversity still to be found in the world. Nevertheless, there seems to be a significant concern with autoimmune disease in the breed, which tends to be more attributable to low overall diversity, not only homozygous DLA haplotypes.
The follow includes dogs with birthdates listed in the database.
DLA Haplotypes in the Breed
The Dog Leukocyte Antigen or DLA is the region in the canine genome that controls the immune system, among other things. There are three classes or areas, and the VGL Canine Diversity Test genotypes or records the two regions with the most variation. Because it is an area that mutates more rapidly than others, the method VGL uses is ideal for identifying specific combinations of DNA, and not merely showing whether a dog inherited two of the same sets of genetics from its parents or two different ones.
"Haplotype" is a generic name for a set of genes that are bound together and inherited as a set. The DLA Class I and Class II haplotypes are very tightly bound and represent about 2 million base pairs of DNA - a sizeable chunk. These two haplotypes together make an extended haplotype that is nearly always passed from parent to puppies as a pair. We therefore have two tables below showing both the combinations of DLA found in this breed and how often they appear, and also how often they appear individually.
Remember that frequency percentages do not show how many dogs carry them, but rather how many of these haplotypes exist in the breed as a whole. Every dog has two sets of DLA haplotypes, one inherited from dam, and one inherited from sire. These almost never recombine in new generations.
DLA Class I/Class II Combinations :
| Class I Haplotype | Class II Haplotype | Frequency in the Breed | 1092 | 2037 | 28.28% | 1092 | 2037 | 28.28% | 1159 | 2006 | 14.61% | 1159 | 2006 | 14.61% | 1014 | 2050 | 13.48% | 1014 | 2050 | 13.48% | 1017 | 2090 | 8.99% | 1017 | 2090 | 8.99% | 1014 | 2037 | 7.12% | 1014 | 2037 | 7.12% | 1068 | 2053 | 6.18% | 1068 | 2053 | 6.18% | 1006 | 2007 | 5.24% | 1006 | 2007 | 5.24% | 1016 | 2031 | 4.31% | 1016 | 2031 | 4.31% | 1008 | 2003 | 3.75% | 1008 | 2003 | 3.75% | 1091 | 2033 | 2.81% | 1091 | 2033 | 2.81% | 1011 | 2012 | 1.12% | 1011 | 2012 | 1.12% | 1159 | 2053 | 0.94% | 1159 | 2053 | 0.94% | 1008 | 2005 | 0.75% | 1008 | 2005 | 0.75% | 1159 | 2001 | 0.56% | 1159 | 2001 | 0.56% | 1016 | 2014 | 0.56% | 1016 | 2014 | 0.56% | 1065 | 2033 | 0.37% | 1065 | 2033 | 0.37% | 1181 | 2060 | 0.37% | 1181 | 2060 | 0.37% | 1054 | 2022 | 0.19% | 1263 | 2076 | 0.19% | 1067 | 2017 | 0.19% | 1054 | 2022 | 0.19% | 1067 | 2017 | 0.19% | 1263 | 2076 | 0.19% |
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DLA Frequencies :
| Class | Haplotype | Frequency in the Breed | Class I | 1006 | 5.24% | Class I | 1008 | 4.49% | Class I | 1011 | 1.12% | Class I | 1014 | 20.60% | Class I | 1016 | 4.87% | Class I | 1017 | 8.99% | Class I | 1054 | 0.19% | Class I | 1065 | 0.37% | Class I | 1067 | 0.19% | Class I | 1068 | 6.18% | Class I | 1091 | 2.81% | Class I | 1092 | 28.28% | Class I | 1159 | 16.10% | Class I | 1181 | 0.37% | Class I | 1263 | 0.19% | Class II | 2001 | 0.56% | Class II | 2003 | 3.75% | Class II | 2005 | 0.75% | Class II | 2006 | 14.61% | Class II | 2007 | 5.24% | Class II | 2012 | 1.12% | Class II | 2014 | 0.56% | Class II | 2017 | 0.19% | Class II | 2022 | 0.19% | Class II | 2031 | 4.31% | Class II | 2033 | 3.18% | Class II | 2037 | 35.39% | Class II | 2050 | 13.48% | Class II | 2053 | 7.12% | Class II | 2060 | 0.37% | Class II | 2076 | 0.19% | Class II | 2090 | 8.99% | Class I | 1006 | 5.24% | Class I | 1008 | 4.49% | Class I | 1011 | 1.12% | Class I | 1014 | 20.60% | Class I | 1016 | 4.87% | Class I | 1017 | 8.99% | Class I | 1054 | 0.19% | Class I | 1065 | 0.37% | Class I | 1067 | 0.19% | Class I | 1068 | 6.18% | Class I | 1091 | 2.81% | Class I | 1092 | 28.28% | Class I | 1159 | 16.10% | Class I | 1181 | 0.37% | Class I | 1263 | 0.19% | Class II | 2001 | 0.56% | Class II | 2003 | 3.75% | Class II | 2005 | 0.75% | Class II | 2006 | 14.61% | Class II | 2007 | 5.24% | Class II | 2012 | 1.12% | Class II | 2014 | 0.56% | Class II | 2017 | 0.19% | Class II | 2022 | 0.19% | Class II | 2031 | 4.31% | Class II | 2033 | 3.18% | Class II | 2037 | 35.39% | Class II | 2050 | 13.48% | Class II | 2053 | 7.12% | Class II | 2060 | 0.37% | Class II | 2076 | 0.19% | Class II | 2090 | 8.99% |
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